aloe lace
A bobbin or tatted
lace made from aloe plant (i.e. agave) fibers.
Belgian lace
Belgium lace is a term used for any lace made in Belgium. Originally the term described a
bobbin lace worked on a ma
chine-made net. Connected to:
bobbin lace
bobbin lace
Bobbin
lace is a
lace made by using a pillow to hold the pins around which
thread is arranged. Other names for bobbin
lace are bobbinette
lace and pillow
lace.
lace
A decorated openwork fabric created by looping, inter
lacing, braiding, or twisting threads. [t is made (either on a background fabric of net or without a background fabric) with a design formed by a net work of threads made by hand or on special lace ma
chines, with bobbins, needles, or hooks. The pattern in lace is usually open and most often floral in design. Ma
chine-made lace is most commonly seen today and many patterns formerly only made by hand, are imitated by ma
chine. hace is the traditional bridal fabric, but it is also used for other nonformal clothing such as sports clothes. The following entries are some of the major types of lace.
ajour lace
An open
lace design with the pattern scattered on the ground.
allover lace
Lace in which the pattern covers the entire fabric, rather than being isolated on one section of background net.
antique lace
A heavy
lace made on a square knotted net with designs darned onto the net. Ma
chine-made antique
lace is often used for curtains. See
embroidery and darn.
crocheted lace
Lace made with a
single yarn. A
crochet hook is used to form loops joined to other loops to form the design.
hairpin lace
A delicate, narrow
lace worked over a hairpin or a special hairpin-shaped,
loom-like tool.
Irish lace
The term Irish
lace can be used to refer to any
lace made in Ireland, but crocheted
laces are those most often given the name. Embroidered nets are another type of Irish
lace. See crocheted
lace.
needlepoint lace
Lace made with a sewing or
embroidery needle to form buttonhole stitches as the basis of the design.
Nottingham lace
One of the first of the ma
chinemade
laces. It originated in Nottingham, England. Today, the term Nottingham
lace is often used for any
lace made by any ma
chine.
Renaissance lace
A
lace made of woven strips of fabric joined by flat stitches. See Battenberg
lace.
Val lace
See Valenciennes
lace.[1][1]See Venise
lace. The name for the liquid form of natural or man-made
rubber. It
Valenciennes lace
A flat babbin
lace worked with one hand forming both the background and the design for the
lace.
Venetian lace
See Venise lace
Venice lace
See Venise lace
Venise lace
A needlepoint
lace usually in a floral pattern connected by picot edgings. It is also called Venice
lace and Venetian
lace. See picot.
Battenberg lace
A
lace similar to Renaissance
lace with a pattern formed by tape or
braid joined by bars. See Renaissance
lace.
Binche lace
A
lace in which hand-made
lace motifs are appliqued to a ma
chine-made net ground. The name comes from Binche, a town in Belgium, where the
lace is said to have originated.
bobbinet lace
See
bobbin lace and pillow lace.
Breton lace
Lace made on open net, usually embroidered with very heavy, often brightly colored, yarns, Breton is the area in France where the
lace is said to have originated.
Brussels lace
Brussels lace may be either a
bobbin lace or a needlepointlace.It is usually worked on a ma
chine-made ground and sometimes the designs are appliqued onto the ground. Because of the importance of Brussels, Belgium, in the history of lace-making (many patterns developed there), several different laces are called Brussels lace. See
bobbin lace and
needlepoint lace.
Cluny lace
A heavy lace, often made of thick cotton or
man-made fibers using the bobbin method. It is the traditional lace for doilies and place mats, but is also used in apparel. See
bobbin lace.
Leaver’s lace
Ma
chine-made
lace named for the inventor of the ma
chine on which it is made. Many hand-made
lace patterns can be copied on this ma
chine. The term is sometimes used in preference to ma
chine-made
lace to imply quality.
placemat
A piece of cloth or other
material (often foam-backed plastic) p
laced on a table between the table and the p
lace setting to protect the table and to decorate it during meals. P
lacemats are available in a variety of sizes, shapes, and colors.
real lace
Hand-made
lace. See
lace.
reembroidered lace
Lace with designs outlined in
embroidery stitching. See
embroidery.
vafenciennes lace
A flat
bobbin lace worked with one
thread forming both the background and the design for lace.
ajour
An openwork design for
lace or
embroidery with the pattern scattered.
aloe lace
A bobbin or tatted
lace made from aloe plant (i.e. agave) fibers.
Belgian lace
Belgium lace is a term used for any lace made in Belgium. Originally the term described a
bobbin lace worked on a ma
chine-made net. Connected to:
bobbin lace
block printing
A hand-printing process in which a design is carved on a block of wood or linoleum. Dye is placed on the surface and the block is placed on the fabric, thereby transferring the dye. Every color requires a different block, making this type of printing tedious and expensive. It is now almost entirely limited to the craft field. See printing.
bobbin lace
Bobbin
lace is a
lace made by using a pillow to hold the pins around which
thread is arranged. Other names for bobbin
lace are bobbinette
lace and pillow
lace.
bunting
A loosely woven fabric used primarily for flags and draping. Bunting used in public places must be flameproof. Bunting is also a term used to describe a simple rectangular square of
material in which a baby is wrapped for warmth.
China silk
China
silk is a lightweight and soft fabric. This plain-weave
silk fabric is used for
lingerie and soft suits. Nowadays, China
silk has been replaced almost completly with
lining fabrics of
man-made fibers.
frise
Lace made by using a pil
glitter
The name, sometimes used in p
lace of
lame, for any fabric woven or knitted with all
metallic yarns or with a combination of
metallic and other
fiber yarns. Today, most glitter is made from one of the nontarnishable
metallic fibers, a great improvement over
lame of the past that tended to darken with age.
heat transfer
A form of printing in which elaborate colors and designs are printed onto a special type of paper. The paper is placed over the fabric and the designs and colors are transferred to the fabric through the application of heat.
interlining
A tayer of fabric placed between the outer fabric and the lining of the garment to add warmth. lt is most commonly found in coats and jackets. Interlinings are offen made of reprocessed
wool, but other materials such as polyester fiberfill may be used. See fiberfill, reprocessed
wool.
kapok
A fluffy
fiber that comes from the seed pods of the kapok tree found in the tropics. Kapok at one tirne was extremely popular for stuffing pillows and was also used in life preservers as it is naturally buoyant. Today, rnan-made
fibers have replaced kapok in many cases.
lace
A decorated openwork fabric created by looping, inter
lacing, braiding, or twisting threads. [t is made (either on a background fabric of net or without a background fabric) with a design formed by a net work of threads made by hand or on special lace ma
chines, with bobbins, needles, or hooks. The pattern in lace is usually open and most often floral in design. Ma
chine-made lace is most commonly seen today and many patterns formerly only made by hand, are imitated by ma
chine. hace is the traditional bridal fabric, but it is also used for other nonformal clothing such as sports clothes. The following entries are some of the major types of lace.
ajour lace
An open
lace design with the pattern scattered on the ground.
allover lace
Lace in which the pattern covers the entire fabric, rather than being isolated on one section of background net.
antique lace
A heavy
lace made on a square knotted net with designs darned onto the net. Ma
chine-made antique
lace is often used for curtains. See
embroidery and darn.
crocheted lace
Lace made with a
single yarn. A
crochet hook is used to form loops joined to other loops to form the design.
hairpin lace
A delicate, narrow
lace worked over a hairpin or a special hairpin-shaped,
loom-like tool.
Irish lace
The term Irish
lace can be used to refer to any
lace made in Ireland, but crocheted
laces are those most often given the name. Embroidered nets are another type of Irish
lace. See crocheted
lace.
needlepoint lace
Lace made with a sewing or
embroidery needle to form buttonhole stitches as the basis of the design.
Nottingham lace
One of the first of the ma
chinemade
laces. It originated in Nottingham, England. Today, the term Nottingham
lace is often used for any
lace made by any ma
chine.
pillow face
Lace made by using a pillow to hold pins around which
thread is arranged. See
bobbin lace.br />
Renaissance lace
A
lace made of woven strips of fabric joined by flat stitches. See Battenberg
lace.
tatting
A method of
lace-making worked with the fingers and a
shuttle that holds the
thread. Tatting forms a narrow, knotted
lace, often used for edging.
Val lace
See Valenciennes
lace.[1][1]See Venise
lace. The name for the liquid form of natural or man-made
rubber. It
Valenciennes lace
A flat babbin
lace worked with one hand forming both the background and the design for the
lace.
Venetian lace
See Venise lace
Venice lace
See Venise lace
Venise lace
A needlepoint
lace usually in a floral pattern connected by picot edgings. It is also called Venice
lace and Venetian
lace. See picot.
Battenberg lace
A
lace similar to Renaissance
lace with a pattern formed by tape or
braid joined by bars. See Renaissance
lace.
beading
A type of lace made by the
bobbin lace method. Also, an openwork lace or
embroidery containing holes designed for the insertion of decorative
ribbon. See
bobbin lace.
Binche lace
A
lace in which hand-made
lace motifs are appliqued to a ma
chine-made net ground. The name comes from Binche, a town in Belgium, where the
lace is said to have originated.
bobbinet lace
See
bobbin lace and pillow lace.
Breton lace
Lace made on open net, usually embroidered with very heavy, often brightly colored, yarns, Breton is the area in France where the
lace is said to have originated.
Brussels lace
Brussels lace may be either a
bobbin lace or a needlepointlace.It is usually worked on a ma
chine-made ground and sometimes the designs are appliqued onto the ground. Because of the importance of Brussels, Belgium, in the history of lace-making (many patterns developed there), several different laces are called Brussels lace. See
bobbin lace and
needlepoint lace.
Chantilly
One of the most popular of bridal laces often used for the
trimming on bridal veils. It is made by the bobbin method and has designs outlined by thick cords. See
bobbin lace.
Cluny lace
A heavy lace, often made of thick cotton or
man-made fibers using the bobbin method. It is the traditional lace for doilies and place mats, but is also used in apparel. See
bobbin lace.
latex
The name for the liquid form of natural or man-made
rubber. It can be formed into
thread for use as an elastic
yarn. La
tex is also used extensively as part of the backing in the manufacture of rugs and at one time, was used extensively in corsets and brassieres. Now, however, although some la
tex foundation garments are still made, it has been largely replaced by
spandex. Solid la
tex is sometimes referred to as
rubber. See
spandex.
Leaver’s lace
Ma
chine-made
lace named for the inventor of the ma
chine on which it is made. Many hand-made
lace patterns can be copied on this ma
chine. The term is sometimes used in preference to ma
chine-made
lace to imply quality.
napkin
A rectangular piece of fabric or paper used to wipe the mouth and hands in the course of eating. Napkins are often matched to the
tablecloth or placernats.
pillow cover
A fabric cover which is placed over the bed pillow before the
pillowcase. Pillow covers are designed to give more protection to pillows than is provided by
pillowcases alone. See
pillowcase.
placemat
A piece of cloth or other
material (often foam-backed plastic) p
laced on a table between the table and the p
lace setting to protect the table and to decorate it during meals. P
lacemats are available in a variety of sizes, shapes, and colors.
runner
A rectangular piece of fabric used with placemats to decorate and protect the dining table. It is placed in the center of the table under condiments (salt, pepper, mustard) and any decorations such as flowers or candles. Runners frequently match the placemats and are also used on chests of drawers to protect the top from spills.
silence cloth
A cloth put on a dining table to protect it and (as the name suggests) to prevent the clatter of dishes against the table. A silence cloth is usually a napped, fairly heavy fabric. Silence cloths are placed beneath tablecloths and are also called silencers.
lingerie
Another term for women’s underwear and nightwear, including panties, slips, petticoats, camisoles, pajamas, and nightgowns. Lingerie implies delicate fabric, often
lace-trimmed. The term lingerie fabrics is occasionally used for very delicate fabrics. Formerly, the finest lingerie was made of
muslin,
lawn, or
silk.
loop yarn
The slack-twisted strand is twisted to form loops or curls. This strand is held in p
lace by one or two binder yarns.
mantilla
A
lace scarf worn over the head.
mosquito netting
A coarsely me
shed, net fabric used to make mosquito nets to p
lace over windows and beds to keep mosquitoes out. See net.
real lace
Hand-made
lace. See
lace.
reembroidered lace
Lace with designs outlined in
embroidery stitching. See
embroidery.
ruff
A wheel-shaped collar made of several layers of fabric (usually lace) in S-shaped folds.
sewing-knitting machine
The latest ma
chine for making fabrics. In the best known of these, the malimo ma
chine, the
warp thread is placed on top of the filling
thread and the two are stitched together with a third
thread.
sheet
A rectangular piece of fabric used to cover and protect the top and sides of a mattress. This is usually referred to as a bottom sheet. A top sheet is placed on top of a bottom sheet to protect the skin from a sometimes scratchy blanket and to protect the blanket from soil. Traditionally, sheets were made of
linen or
cotton.
shirring
A method of gathering fabric to create decorative fullness. Shirring consists of three or more parallel rows of stitching, placed about 1/4'' to 1'' apart, and drawn up (gathered) together to form bands of controlled gathers. Shirring is used in clothing and in items of home furnishings.
shoot
Another term for filling,
weft,
woof, and
shute. The crosswise
thread that interlaces with the
warp threads on a woven fabric.
shoulder pad
A support placed in the shoulder area of a garment to give a wider look to the shoulder when this look is in style. A thinner version known as a shoulder shape is used in coats and suits to maintain shape and give support in the shoulder area. Shoulder pads and shoulder shapes are available in notions departments and in fabric stores. See findings.
shower curtain
A shower curtain is a length of fabric hung around a bathroorn shower or shower-tub combination to keep water from splashing out onto the floor. Shower curtains should be waterproof. When decorative, nonwaterproof shower curtains are used, a waterproof liner, usually made of plastic, should be placed inside.
shute
Another term for
weft,
woof,
shoot, and filling. The crosswise
thread that interlaces with the
warp threads on a woven fabric.
silk
The product of the silk worm and the only natural
filament fiber (it is produced in a long thread). Silk was the leading luxury
fiber for thousands of years. There were many types of silk and many ways of making it into cloth. foday, man-made
fibers have to a very large extent replaced silk, but the traditional names for certain silk fabrics are still used and include the following:
sizing
Starch, gelatin, glue, wax, casein, or clay added to fabrics in the
finishing stages to give fabric additional body, a smoother appearance, and more weight. Cotton fabrics are those most commonly treated in this manner. At one time, sizing had to be replaced after each cleaning. Today, with more advanced
finishing techniques, sizing is rarely used and fabrics usually retain their initial appearance through cleaning. A few fabrics such as needlepoint
canvas are still sized so that they can be handled more easily. This in no way affects their final performance. Sizing also refers to the starch that is applied to the
warp yarns to help prevent
abrasion during the weaving process. This sizing is usually removed from the fabric in one of the
finishing steps.
space dyeing
A method of dyeing
yarn by dipping in dye or spotting in various places along the
yarn. This causes different sections of the
yarn to appear in different colors. The resulting fabric often has unusual, rainbow-like effects.
Spitalfields
An English town and the home of Huguenot weavers, it is now a
lace-making center. In this town, the hand-woven Jacquard
silk Spitalfields tie originated.
back stitch
A
stitch taken backwards on top of another to lock the .
stitch in p
lace or for extra strength. The back
stitch is often uscd to end a row of running
stitches, but can also be used in a continuous row in the same way as a running
stitch. See running
stitch.
studs
Small, decorative objects added to fabric. They are usually round and
metallic and are occasionally jewelled. Studs have teeth on the bottom that are pu
shed through the fabric by hand or with a tool called a stud setter. The teeth are then bent against the fabric to hold the stud in p
lace.
stuff
Another name for fabric. Any braided, felted, woven, knitted, or nonwoven
material, including cloth, hosiery, and
lace. Stuff is also referred to as cloth,
material, and goods.
swag
A decorative, draped fabric section placed over a window. Swags usually are used in conjunction with draperies or curtains.
cotton thread
Formerly the most common
thread, but difficult to find today. lt is usually made in two types. A plain
thread with a dull surface is called basting
thread. Mercerized
cotton thread has a shiny surface that enables it to slide smoothly through fabric and is suggested for general purpose sewing. Polyester
thread has replaced
cotton thread to a large extent. See
mercerization.
galloon
A closely woven, flat
braid used for accenting draperies and furniture. Also called
braid. The term galloon is also used for any narrow fabric with decorative edges, such as
scallops fini
shed the same on each side. Lace made in this way is called galloon
lace.
tufting
A brush-like button of clipped
cotton yarn that appears at regular intervals on mattresses. Also, the most common method for making rugs. Groups of
yarns are forced through a backing fabric. The
yarns are held in p
lace permanently when the underside of the rug is coated, often with liquid
latex.
underlay
A synonym for padding or rug cushion. It usually describes the layer of fabric of sponge
rubber or hair placed underneath a carpet or rug to provide it with longer life, to give it a more luxurious appearance and feeling, to prevent the rug from slipping, and to make the rug softer and more cushiony. Carpet padding is made of cattle hair,
rubberized hair,
rubber, and combinations of
jute and cattle hair, as well as some
man-made fibers. Sec: rugs and carpets, padding, and rug cushion.
vafenciennes lace
A flat
bobbin lace worked with one
thread forming both the background and the design for lace.
warp
The group of yarns placed first on a
loom in weaving. Warp runs parallel to the
selvage, forming the length of the fabric. The filling threads are interlaced over and under the warp threads in a pattern or weave. See weaving and
selvage.
weft
Another name for filling, the crosswise
thread that interlaces with the
warp threads on a woven fabric. Other names are
woof,
shoot, and
shute.
woof
Another name for filling, the crosswise
thread that interlaces with the
warp threads on a woven fabric. Other names are
weft,
shoot, and
shute. See filling.
